Sapphire is the gem variety of the mineral corundum. It is an extremely durable gemstone, second only to diamonds on the Moh's hardness scale.
Sapphires are available in virtually all colors. But Red Sapphires are known to all as Rubies. Blue Sapphires are the most valuable, followed by Pink and Padparadscha Sapphires. Clean Purple Sapphires over one carat are rare and valuable. Purple Sapphires are typically heated to enhance color. The treatment is stable and permanent.
Sapphire Physical Properties
- Color: Purple to Pink Purple
- Refractive Index: 1.762 - 1.770
- Pleochroism: Weak to Strong Violet
- Chemistry: Aluminum Oxide
- Hardness: 9.0 mho's
- Density: 4.00
- Crystal Group: Trigonal
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